Serotinous pine tree cones, three, one opening after heat exposure, another slightly burned and one closed


Many pine trees are adapted to ecosystems habitats with frequent fires. The cones of these species are sealed closed with a resin. When exposed to high temperatures during a fire, the resin melts and the cones open releasing seeds to repopulate the burned area. This is known as fire succession, a type of secondary succession.


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Keywords: adapted, cone, ecological, ecology, evergreen, fire, gymnosperm, open, pine, pinecone, pinus, pioneer, regeneration, released, reproduction, seeds, serotinous, species, succession, tree