. Agriculture for beginners. clean, moistcloth until you are ready to use before using cut the bud from thescion, as shown in Fig. 69. This bud isnow ready to be inserted on the north sideof the stock, just two or three inches abovethe ground. The north side is selected toavoid the sun. Now, as shown at a inFig. 70, make a cross and an up-and-downincision, or cut, on thestock; pull the bark back carefully, asshown in B\ insert the bud C, as shownin Z>; then fold the bark back, and wrapwith yarn or raffia, as shown in E. Assoon as the bud and branches have united,remove the wrappin
. Agriculture for beginners. clean, moistcloth until you are ready to use before using cut the bud from thescion, as shown in Fig. 69. This bud isnow ready to be inserted on the north sideof the stock, just two or three inches abovethe ground. The north side is selected toavoid the sun. Now, as shown at a inFig. 70, make a cross and an up-and-downincision, or cut, on thestock; pull the bark back carefully, asshown in B\ insert the bud C, as shownin Z>; then fold the bark back, and wrapwith yarn or raffia, as shown in E. Assoon as the bud and branches have united,remove the wrapping to prevent its cut-ting the bark, and cut the tree back veryclose to the bud, as in Fig. 71, so as toforce nourishment into the inserted is done in the field withoutdisturbing the tree as it stands in the Lines show where toground. The best time to do this is ** during the summer or fall months, when the bark isloose enough to allow the buds to be easily inserted. ^. Fig. 71 Sloping line showswhere to cut tree. 88 AGRICULTURE FOR BEGINNERS Trees may be budded or grafted upon one another onlywhen they are nearly related. Thus the apple, crab apple,hawthorn, and quince are all related closely enough to graft or bud upon one another; thepear grows upon some haw-thorns, but not well upon theapple; some chestnuts willunite with some kinds of oaks. SECTION XXIV — PLANTINGAND PRUNING The apple tree that yougrafted should be set out inthe spring. Dig a hole threeor four feet in diameter whereyou wish your tree to grow. Fig. 73Present shape comes from pruning Place the tree in the hole, usingevery care to preserve all the fineroots. Spread the roots out fully,water them, and pack fine, richsoil firmly about them. Placestakes about the young tree toprotect it from injury. If thespot selected is in a windy loca-tion, incline your tree slightly toward the prevailing must prune your tree as it grows. The object of
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