. A short history of England and the British Empire. So long as Englandwas the only workshop ofthe world, her productsfound markets everywhere;but since the days of Cob-den and Peel Germany andthe United States had be-come great chamberlainsmanufacturing theory of j protection,nations and were competing for the mar-kets of the world. But morethan 350,000,000 people liveunder the British flag outsidethe British Isles, and Cham-berlain held that Englandshould strive to secure thecolonial markets for Britishproducts. If England wereto lay a tax on importedgoods, he believed it would be wise to es
. A short history of England and the British Empire. So long as Englandwas the only workshop ofthe world, her productsfound markets everywhere;but since the days of Cob-den and Peel Germany andthe United States had be-come great chamberlainsmanufacturing theory of j protection,nations and were competing for the mar-kets of the world. But morethan 350,000,000 people liveunder the British flag outsidethe British Isles, and Cham-berlain held that Englandshould strive to secure thecolonial markets for Britishproducts. If England wereto lay a tax on importedgoods, he believed it would be wise to establish a a preferen-lower rate on products coming to England from tial tanff-the colonies. This would direct the colonial trade to the mothercountry, and the empire would be bound together by ties ofeconomic advantage. Chamberlain also held that the empire ought to be made adefinite political unit. This he hoped to accomplish by someform of imperial He dreamed of an imperial t Review sees. 510-512. 2 Cheyney, No 453; Kendall, No. Cecil Rhodes 604 THE UNIONISTS AND THE BRITISH EMPIRE parliament to be made up of representatives from the Unitedimperial Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South federation. Africa, and perhaps from other important colo-nies. This idea did notoriginate with Joseph Cham-berlain, but he became mostprominently identified withit. Imperialism, the beliefthat the colonies are desira-ble and even necessary toEngland, is widely held inGreat It has even „. ,. found a literary Kipling. J exponent i n Rudyard Kipling, whose tales and poems deal largely with England over the seas and with the greatness of the British 546. The Reconquest of the Soudan. 1898. Joseph Chamberlain also believed to the empire it was new minis-try resolved to reconquer theSoudan. In 1896 a forceunder the command of Gen-eral Kitchener began tomove up the Nile advance was slow, forKitchener built a railroad
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