Jordan: The Siq (shaft) and Al Khazneh (The Treasury) in the background, Petra. The Siq or al-Siq ('The Shaft') is the main entrance to the ancient city of Petra in southern Jordan. The dim, narrow gorge (in some points no more than 3 metres wide) winds its way approximately one mile and ends at Petra's most elaborate ruin, Al Khazneh (The Treasury). Petra was first established as a city by the Nabataean Arabs in the 4th century BCE, and owed its birth and prosperity to the fact that it was the only place with clear and abundant water between the Hijaz trading centres of Mecca and Medina.

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