. Genetics in relation to agriculture. Livestock; Heredity; Variation (Biology); Plant breeding. 518 CENETICS IN RELATION TO AGRICULTURE so that the hinny resembles the horse more than does the mule. There appears, however, to be some question about the explanation of this case, and it is a significant fact that Goldschmidt, who mentions common report in connection with this case, has seen fit to question the accuracy of it. Apparently many of the differences are due to individual differ- ences in the animals which have been used, and are, therefore, of no sig- nificance for determining differ
. Genetics in relation to agriculture. Livestock; Heredity; Variation (Biology); Plant breeding. 518 CENETICS IN RELATION TO AGRICULTURE so that the hinny resembles the horse more than does the mule. There appears, however, to be some question about the explanation of this case, and it is a significant fact that Goldschmidt, who mentions common report in connection with this case, has seen fit to question the accuracy of it. Apparently many of the differences are due to individual differ- ences in the animals which have been used, and are, therefore, of no sig- nificance for determining differences in reciprocal crosses. The fertility of the mule is an everlasting question of dispute, for from time to time reports are made of fertile mare mules. Uncjuestion- ably such cases are very rare, and in most cases some doubt may be thrown either upon the question as to whether the mare "mule'' was a. Fig. 199.—The marc mule on the left. On the right, her foal by a jack. Note the resem- blance in markings of the leg. {After von Wahl.) mule at all, or whether, if a mule, she was not suckling the colt of some other dam, for there are abundant authentic instances of mare mules which have given milk. Among instances of fertile mules are those reported by von Wahl, who discovered two cases in Brazil of mules which had produced foals when bred to an ass. The foals were somewhat larger than their dams, and were throughout mule-like in appearance. Von Wahl reports, also, a case of a foal from a mare mule out of a stallion, but did not himself examine it. It is only fair to state that in these cases the chain of evidence is not complete. Lloyd-Jones has given a resume of the evidence with respect to fertile mules, and has noted some new cases, all of which are, however, questionable. JMares apparently occasionally exhibit mule-like characters, and many of the cases reported appear to depend upon a mistake of such a mare for a mule. Figs. 199, 200 and 201 seem to represent an i
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