. The Adolfo Stahl lectures in astronomy, delivered in San Francisco, California, in 1916-17 and 1917-18, under the auspices of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. ssures, due to theoverlying strata, may liquefy or even solidify their centralvolumes. It is thought that the gaseous strata in each of thefour planets extend to great depths and that there is nothing inthe nature of a solid or permanent crust over the surface of anyof them. Their low densities probably mean that theirenormously deep atmospheres are still quite hot. Yet we haveno evidence that any one of them is shining by its


. The Adolfo Stahl lectures in astronomy, delivered in San Francisco, California, in 1916-17 and 1917-18, under the auspices of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. ssures, due to theoverlying strata, may liquefy or even solidify their centralvolumes. It is thought that the gaseous strata in each of thefour planets extend to great depths and that there is nothing inthe nature of a solid or permanent crust over the surface of anyof them. Their low densities probably mean that theirenormously deep atmospheres are still quite hot. Yet we haveno evidence that any one of them is shining by its own one of Jupiters large satellites passes between the Sunand the planet, eclipsing a small area of the planets surface,that area looks black, but this may be in part a contrast effect. We should call attention to the flattened forms of Jupiter andSaturn. The rotation of the Earth once in about twenty-fourhours has caused the equatorial regions to be thrown out bycentrifugal force, in effect, and the polar regions to be cor-respondingly drawn in, until the difference between the equa-torial and polar diameters is twenty-six miles. The great . Fig. 1 —Photographs of Saturn, Nov. 19, 1911, 60-inch reflector (100-footfocus) of the Solar Observatory. Direct enlargement exposures byE. E. Barnard.


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