Elementary entomology elementaryentom00sand Year: 1912 48 ELEMENTARY ENTOMOLOGY Fig. 59. Cocoon of the rusty tussock moth, made of silk with the hairs of the caterpillar intermingled. (Enlarged) Stage, usually inactive and taking no food, resembling neither larva nor adult, in which the tissues and organs of the larva are re- constructed into those necessary for the winged adult. In many pupae the wings and legs of the adult are clearly distinguishable, closely folded to the sides of body, but in the others the outer skin of the pupa is only a firm shell with bare outlines of the adult fo
Elementary entomology elementaryentom00sand Year: 1912 48 ELEMENTARY ENTOMOLOGY Fig. 59. Cocoon of the rusty tussock moth, made of silk with the hairs of the caterpillar intermingled. (Enlarged) Stage, usually inactive and taking no food, resembling neither larva nor adult, in which the tissues and organs of the larva are re- constructed into those necessary for the winged adult. In many pupae the wings and legs of the adult are clearly distinguishable, closely folded to the sides of body, but in the others the outer skin of the pupa is only a firm shell with bare outlines of the adult forming within. Before the last molt many larvae burrow into the ground, where they hollow out cells, sometimes lined with silk or cement, or find other suitable secluded places in which to pupate. The cater- pillars of moths and many other larvae spin a firm casing of silk, called a cocoon, in which they pupate. Butterfly caterpillars lash themselves to the food plant by one or two thick strands of silk, and the pupa, which is known as a chrysalis, hangs suspended by the tip of the abdomen with no cocoon. In many cases in- sects hibernate over winter in the pupal stage, so that the time of the pupal life varies from a few days in summer to nine or ten months, according to the habit of the species. Finally, tt,^ ^ r- t ^- ..u . f^ -'' i' IG. 60. L ocoons of tiger moth cater- the pupal shell splits open and pillars on underside of loose bark
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