. Farm machinery and farm motors. might be applied. The buck-ets were provided with a handle or a rope when it wasdesired to draw water from some depth. To aid in draw-ing water from wells, the long sweep or lever weighted at one end was devised. Thissweep is often seen illustratedin pictures of an old home-stead and similar pictures. Fol-lowing the sweep, a rope overa pulley with two buckets, oneat each end, was used. Later,one bucket was used and therope carried over a guide pul-ley and wound around a latter method of raisinghas not entirely disappearedand is still in use in many p
. Farm machinery and farm motors. might be applied. The buck-ets were provided with a handle or a rope when it wasdesired to draw water from some depth. To aid in draw-ing water from wells, the long sweep or lever weighted at one end was devised. Thissweep is often seen illustratedin pictures of an old home-stead and similar pictures. Fol-lowing the sweep, a rope overa pulley with two buckets, oneat each end, was used. Later,one bucket was used and therope carried over a guide pul-ley and wound around a latter method of raisinghas not entirely disappearedand is still in use in many places. For raising water short distances and in large quantities,swinging scoops and flash wheels are used. The scoopis provided with a handle and is swung by a cord longenough to permit it to be dipped into the water. Thewater is simply pitched to a higher elevation much likegrain is elevated. Flash wheels are the reverse of theundershot water wheel; the paddles or blades ascend-ing a chase or waterway carry the water along with. I FIG. 188—THE WELL SWEEPAN OLD METHOD OF RAIS-ING WATER PUMPING MACHINERY 259 them. If operated by hand the paddles are hinged Hkevalves and are rocked back and forth in the wheels are used extensively in Holland in draininglow lands. The Chinese devised at a very early time scoop wheelswhich have buckets on the periphery. These buckets dipinto water and are set at such an incline that they carryalmost their full capacity to the upper side, and there theypour their contents into a trough. They are sometimeshinged and are made to discharge their contents by strik-ing against a suitable guide. Wheels of this nature maynow be used profitably where a large quantity of wateris to be elevated for only short distances. One of the oldest water-raising devices made famousby history is the /\rchimedean screw. It consists essen-tially of a tube wound spirally around an inclined shaftand taking part in the rotation of this shaft. The pitchof the
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