. Dedication papers : scientific papers presented at the dedication of the laboratory building and plant houses, April 19-21, 1917. ath plants. The pine trees have been unable to grow to tall size in the NewJersey Coremal because of a hard layer of soil immediately below theupper sandy layer (Fig. 6). This layer corresponds to the caleche ofMexico, the plow-sole of agriculturists and the Ortstein of the Germans. 184 BROOKLYN BOTANIC GARDEN MEMOIRS Klebahn^ figures an Ortstein Kiefer where the tap-root striking thehardpan is bent over, being unable to penetrate that soil narrates
. Dedication papers : scientific papers presented at the dedication of the laboratory building and plant houses, April 19-21, 1917. ath plants. The pine trees have been unable to grow to tall size in the NewJersey Coremal because of a hard layer of soil immediately below theupper sandy layer (Fig. 6). This layer corresponds to the caleche ofMexico, the plow-sole of agriculturists and the Ortstein of the Germans. 184 BROOKLYN BOTANIC GARDEN MEMOIRS Klebahn^ figures an Ortstein Kiefer where the tap-root striking thehardpan is bent over, being unable to penetrate that soil narrates how such pine trees grow for a time, but finally,after reaching a certain age, begin to go back, or decline in vigor, untilthey succumb, and he describes how certain pine trees more fortu-nately situated by natural planting over holes through the Ortstein(Ortsteintopfe) are able to send their tap-roots into the deeper soillayers.^ Under such conditions tall thrifty pine trees will be scatteredhere and there over the surface of the heathland, while the majorityof the trees, that become established in the region, are dwarf and. Fig. 7. Pine-barrens (pine-heath) near Lake Ronkonkoma, Long 20, 1913. languishing. Similar conditions are found in the plains of NewJersey where the low, dwarf pine trees live for a number of years andfinally succumb, to be replaced by other trees that pass through asimilar existence. Hence the dwarf basket pines of the New JerseyCoremal are all short-lived. Thus hardpan and fire are the two mostimportant factors which have perpetuated the heath vegetation of theNew Jersey plains (Coremal), while the surrounding region with more * Klebahn, H. Grundziige der allgemeinen Phytopathologie, p. 14. * Graebner, P. Die Heide Norddeutschlands. Die Vegetation der Erde5: 125. HARSHBERGER: AMERICAN HEATHS AND PINE HEATHS 185 pervious soil, although similarly fire-swept in later years, has beenpreserved as a pine forest, or pine-heath (Kiefern-heide). Rem
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectplants, bookyear1918
