. Bulletin. Natural history; Natural history. ^9 » *. ^Iv^ . Fig. 37.—An adult Eurycea lucifuga from Union County, Illinois. The groundcolor is bright red-orange; the markings are jet black. specimen 159 mm. in total length), fig. 37, with numerous black spots scattered irregu- larly over the back and sides; 13 to 14 costal grooves; toes of adpressed limbs sep- arated by XYi costal folds to an overlap of 2 folds; vomerine teeth usually in two J- or C-shaped series, the combined count rang- ing from 17 to 39. Variation.—Males of this species can be i distinguished from females by their more 'pr
. Bulletin. Natural history; Natural history. ^9 » *. ^Iv^ . Fig. 37.—An adult Eurycea lucifuga from Union County, Illinois. The groundcolor is bright red-orange; the markings are jet black. specimen 159 mm. in total length), fig. 37, with numerous black spots scattered irregu- larly over the back and sides; 13 to 14 costal grooves; toes of adpressed limbs sep- arated by XYi costal folds to an overlap of 2 folds; vomerine teeth usually in two J- or C-shaped series, the combined count rang- ing from 17 to 39. Variation.—Males of this species can be i distinguished from females by their more 'prominent nasolabial swellings, the pres- ence of mental glands, the distinctly mar- gined vents, and the slightly longer legs (an i average of costal folds between toes of adpressed limbs in 12 males and icostal fold in 18 females). I New'ly transformed specimens are simi- lai in general appearance to young Eurycea longicauda. The sides are dark gray, en- 'closing many light flecks, and the middorsal areas are yellow-gray, with scattered dark flecks. Slightly older specimens are yellow, with small black spots scattered over the backs and sides, differing from adults chiefly in the yellow ground color and the less con- spicuous dorsal spots. Subadults differ in number of teeth and relative tail length. iSeven subadults, 65 to 102 mm. in total length, vary in vomerine tooth counts from 18 to 28 (average ) and the tail makes up to (average ) per cent of the total length. Ten large specimens, 128 to 159 mm. in total length, have 20 to 39 vomerine teeth (average ), and the tail ranges from to (average ) per cent of the total length. Several trends in variation are apparent in the Illinois series. Southeastern Illinois specimens are usually more heavily spotted above, are shorter-legged, have fewer vom- erine teeth, and have less prominent second- ary sexual characters than salamanders from the Lower Mississippi Border coun- ties. The
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