. The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy and nuclear medicine . R* BY M. P. BURNHAM, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA HERETOFORE the roentgenologist hasdepended almost entirely upon thepresence of calculi in the gall-bladder inthe study of biliary tract infection for hisfindings. More recently, George has shownthe possibility and importance of demon-stration of the diseased gall-bladder itself,and has called attention to other manifes-tations of infection. Chronic infection of the liver, bile ducts,and gall-bladder constitutes an entity, thecharacteristic feature of which is its a
. The American journal of roentgenology, radium therapy and nuclear medicine . R* BY M. P. BURNHAM, SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA HERETOFORE the roentgenologist hasdepended almost entirely upon thepresence of calculi in the gall-bladder inthe study of biliary tract infection for hisfindings. More recently, George has shownthe possibility and importance of demon-stration of the diseased gall-bladder itself,and has called attention to other manifes-tations of infection. Chronic infection of the liver, bile ducts,and gall-bladder constitutes an entity, thecharacteristic feature of which is its abdomen open will explain the limitationsof the direct roentgen findings. The pathology of infection in liver andbiliary system is a generalized one, inducts and gall-bladder an interstitial proc-ess and not as formerly thought, largelymade up of infection of contents of theseorgans. The biliary ducts are of narrowcaliber, often anomalous in course, andoffer difficulty to the passage of bile readilyenough, when as a result of the infectionthe walls are thickened and the bile. Fig. I. Normal right oblique prone position. chronic course. Calculus formation, ductblockage, etc., represent lesions of long-standing infection. The present-day surgical literaturestresses the fact of difficulty of recognitionof even quite marked inflammation ingall-bladder by inspection and palpationof the organ at operation, the symptomsin these cases being of such severity as tohave demanded operative interference. This difficulty in recognition of diseaseprocesses of the biliary system with the
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