. The complete aquarium book; the care and breeding of goldfish and tropical fishes. Aquariums; Goldfish. 18 AQUARIUM MANAGEMENT known, most satisfactory and easily obtained are the large Japanese Snails (Viviparus malleatus), the so-called African Paper-shelled Snail (Lymnaea auricularia), the Ramshorn Snail (Planorbis), and the Pond. Fig. 7. African Fig. 8. Red Ramshorn Fig. 9. Japanese The Best Freshwater Aquarium Snails (Life Size) Snail (Physa). These are all active in eating mossy growth from the glass, or particles of food which the fishes have not taken, and in no case will they injure


. The complete aquarium book; the care and breeding of goldfish and tropical fishes. Aquariums; Goldfish. 18 AQUARIUM MANAGEMENT known, most satisfactory and easily obtained are the large Japanese Snails (Viviparus malleatus), the so-called African Paper-shelled Snail (Lymnaea auricularia), the Ramshorn Snail (Planorbis), and the Pond. Fig. 7. African Fig. 8. Red Ramshorn Fig. 9. Japanese The Best Freshwater Aquarium Snails (Life Size) Snail (Physa). These are all active in eating mossy growth from the glass, or particles of food which the fishes have not taken, and in no case will they injure any of the aquarium plants. Most snails consume decomposing animal matter, such as dead tadpoles, fishes, etc. Living snails will not injure young nor adult fishes, nor pollute the water. Snails are sometimes useful trouble-indicators. If they persist in staying at the edge of the water, it may have turned foul. They will also do the same thing if new water has not been seasoned. They seem to have a distinct objection to an excess of oxygen in the water. Japanese Snails are very interesting in that they bring forth fully developed young about the size of a small pea, able to take care of them- selves among goldfishes. These snails are either male or female, but a female once impregnated seems, like a queen bee, to remain fertile for the remainder of her life. The right horn of the male is somewhat the shorter, this serving a sexual purpose. These snails are quite long-lived and grow to the size of a large walnut. They can be identified by the slightly raised keels showing on the last spiral. Another snail resembling the Japanese species is the Potomac Snail. Running in the direction of the spiral are three brown stripes on a horn-colored background. It is quite attractive and is frequently sold as the Japanese Snail, but it is too slug- gish to be of much real Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for


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