. Fruits, vegetables and flowers, a non-technical manual for their culture. ld be the aim to rai-sc a crop of valuable timberand not forest weeds. Improvement Cuttings.—Itider ordinary circum.««tanres no improve-iiiciit (•uttiii^> arc attempted imtil the material to be cut is large enough topay the cost of removal. Cuttings to improve the comp<)sition are some-times made in very young stands where intensive management is i) cuttings, or cleanings as they are called, are ordinarily Iwyond theI)ale of woodlot management, as the ^e farmer cannot .alTord to makethe iuve^tme
. Fruits, vegetables and flowers, a non-technical manual for their culture. ld be the aim to rai-sc a crop of valuable timberand not forest weeds. Improvement Cuttings.—Itider ordinary circum.««tanres no improve-iiiciit (•uttiii^> arc attempted imtil the material to be cut is large enough topay the cost of removal. Cuttings to improve the comp<)sition are some-times made in very young stands where intensive management is i) cuttings, or cleanings as they are called, are ordinarily Iwyond theI)ale of woodlot management, as the ^e farmer cannot .alTord to makethe iuve^tmeut (§ to S3 per acre in youug spruulb) which buch cleanings THE FARM WOODLOT 177 would cost. Therefore, it is better to postpone the cutting until theundesirable specimens reach cordwood size (say twenty-five to thirtyyears), when a thinning may be made. The general idea in such a thinning would be to remove competingtrees which take light, food and moisture from the straight, thrifty treesof more desirable species. Every farmer loiows which trees are valuable. A WoODLOT AFTER ThINNING. By removing dead and diseased trees and those of less desirable species, the remainderof the stand will greatly increase its growth rate. in his neighborhood and which individuals are not thrifty. In the Easternstates, for example, such trees as ash, basswood, tulip-poplar, red oak, etc.,are generally favored over the slower-growing and less desirable beech,maple, black oak, horn bean, etc. Rapid-growing conifers, like pine andspruce, are to be preferred to slower-groAving and less valuable species likehemlock and white cedar. As a rule, conifers should be encouraged uponpoorer soils, since they make less demand upon the site for plant food andmoisture. ITS SUCCESSFUL FARMING A method of thinning a woodlot which foresters term the Frenchmethod, can be used in many stands to ativantage. The idea is to selectfrom 200 to 2.)0 trees per acre, depending on the species, soil, etc., to formy
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