. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. 158 '!! HACKBERRY Celtis occidentalism Linnaeus GEKTJS DE80KIPTI0N—The genus C5€ltl8 compriges about 60 species, of which number about 9 are native to North America and 1 to PennsylTanla. Representatives of this genus are found in temperate and tropical regions of both the eastern and western hemispheres. Another bpecles known as Rough-leaved Hackberry (Celtls crasslfoUa, Lamarck) Is also reported from 3 counties In this State. The leaves of the latter are very rough and the fruit Is subglobose. FOEM—Usually a smal
. Bulletin (Pennsylvania Department of Forestry), no. 11. Forests and forestry. 158 '!! HACKBERRY Celtis occidentalism Linnaeus GEKTJS DE80KIPTI0N—The genus C5€ltl8 compriges about 60 species, of which number about 9 are native to North America and 1 to PennsylTanla. Representatives of this genus are found in temperate and tropical regions of both the eastern and western hemispheres. Another bpecles known as Rough-leaved Hackberry (Celtls crasslfoUa, Lamarck) Is also reported from 3 counties In this State. The leaves of the latter are very rough and the fruit Is subglobose. FOEM—Usually a small tree 20-36 ft. In height, but single specimens with a height of 80 ft. and a diameter of 80 Inches have been reported from this State. In the South It be- comes larger. Trunk usually short. C5rown rather wide-spreading and round-topped. Witches' brooms are frequently found upon it. BABK—Grayish-brown, sometimes as smooth as Beech bark; others have very rough bark due to harsh, warty projections. Younger branches are dark brown to reddish-brown in color. See Fig. 128. TWIGS—-Slender, somewhat shiny, occasionally slightly downy, brownish, covered by scattered raised and often longitudinally-elongated lenticels; contain chambered white pith. BXTDS—Altemate, 2-ranked, small, often malformed and swollen, J of an inch long, ovate, sharp-pointed, appressed, covered with 3-4 visible and closely overlapping bud-scales. Bud- scales sometimes longitudinally-striated and dark margined. Swollen buds caused by Insects. LEAVES—Alternate, simple, ovate, 2-4 Inches long, acute at apex, obliquely rounded at base, serrate on margin, entire near base, rough on upper surface, with prominent primary veins. Petioles slender, slightly hairy and grooved. LEAP-SCAB-S—Alternate, 2-ranked. small, semi-oval, at or almost at right angles to twig on projections of twig, with 1-3 bundle scars. FLOWERS—Appear about May. Three kinds, stamlnate, pistillate, and perfect, may be found, lliey ar
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