Diseases of deciduous forest trees Diseases of deciduous forest trees diseasesofdecidu00schruoft Year: 1909 MISCELLANEOUS PARASITIC AND SAPROPHYTIC ORGANISMS. 15 ward to southern C-alifoniia. Throughout southern Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri it is found chiefly on the black gum (Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.)- In the Southern States it is found on almost all species of deciduous forest trees, incluchng the sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.), elm {Ulmus americaria L.), oaks {Quercus sp.), red gum {Liquidamhar styraciflua L.), ashes {Fraxinus sp.), cottonwood {Poimlus deltoides Marsh.), and
Diseases of deciduous forest trees Diseases of deciduous forest trees diseasesofdecidu00schruoft Year: 1909 MISCELLANEOUS PARASITIC AND SAPROPHYTIC ORGANISMS. 15 ward to southern C-alifoniia. Throughout southern Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri it is found chiefly on the black gum (Nyssa sylvatica Marsh.)- In the Southern States it is found on almost all species of deciduous forest trees, incluchng the sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.), elm {Ulmus americaria L.), oaks {Quercus sp.), red gum {Liquidamhar styraciflua L.), ashes {Fraxinus sp.), cottonwood {Poimlus deltoides Marsh.), and many others of the smaller shrubby species of trees, like the mesquite {Prosopis julijlora (Swartz) DC). Vhere it is present in any large quantity, the mistletoe is regarded as a serious enemy of the trees upon which it grows. In the more or less virgin forest tracts of the Mis- sissippi Valley, extending from southern Missouri into Arkansas and northeastern Loui- siana, man}' tracts are found which are so badly in- fested as to se- riously interfere with the annual rate of wood accre- tion. In the ex- treme Southern States vigorous ef- forts arebeingmade to prevent the at- tack of the mistle- toe, which has be- come a serious enemy to forest and shade trees in southern Louisiana and Texas. The parasite is distributed from tree to tree chiefly by birds, and when it has once obtained a foothold in any given region, practically every tree in that locality is affected by it. The parasite is a peren- nial and gradually absorbs the food materials from the branch upon wdiich it is situated, and not only kills off that part of the branch toward the outside of the tree from its point of attachment, but also causes the formation of large swellings, or tumors, which are most characteristic in the black gum. Figure 1 shows the extent to which the oak may be attacked by this parasite. 79152—Bui. 149—09 2 Fig. 1, -Oak trees with mistletoe on the branches, become literally covered wit
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