. Denmark; its medical organization, hygiene and demography . and, the gravel, and the clay are not depositedin regular layers, but very irregularly on account of their origin(glacial formation). Artificial soil. Above these primal strata is artificial soil of variousthickness and extent. It can be divided into two classes, viz. thebetter without any considerable addition of organic matter (mud,house-refuse, excremental matter, &c), and the bad with organic adjoining maps show the nature of the soil of the Metropolis ata depth of respectively 5 and 10 fod (1*6 and 3*1 meters) beneat
. Denmark; its medical organization, hygiene and demography . and, the gravel, and the clay are not depositedin regular layers, but very irregularly on account of their origin(glacial formation). Artificial soil. Above these primal strata is artificial soil of variousthickness and extent. It can be divided into two classes, viz. thebetter without any considerable addition of organic matter (mud,house-refuse, excremental matter, &c), and the bad with organic adjoining maps show the nature of the soil of the Metropolis ata depth of respectively 5 and 10 fod (1*6 and 3*1 meters) beneaththe actual surface. The artificial soil, in some parts of the town,extends further than 10 fod (3*1 meters) under the surface (as far as16 fod (5 meters)), but only occasionally. The thickness of the arti-ficial soil decreases—as se*en on the map—in proportion to thedistance from the inner, older town, outside which it does not existat all at a depth of 10 fod (3*1 meters.) SKETCH MAP OF COPENHAGEN SHOWING THE NATURE OF THE SOIL IN DIFFERENT DEPTHS. f0fbd.(3-)vmTer the <sur/ace. Cla/f. if. ||s CrvotJL artificial soil. Bad artificial noil SOIL AND SUB-SOIL WATER OF THE METROPOLIS. 129 The sub-soil water has been investigated by constant measurements,during 2 years, of the height of the water in more than 100 artesianwells and borings. It lias in this way been possible to make perfectdiagrams of the highest and lowest water level. It is proved thatthe sub-soil water of the Metropolis falls from the high lying groundin the North and West towards the sea, in an Easterly and South-easterly direction, the level and fall of the sub-soil water being stronglyinfluenced both by the quality of the soil and by the water level ofthe natural and artificial basins it meets on its way. It may bestated that the distance of the sub-soil water from the surface of theground is very different in different parts of the town. In someplaces it is only 1 fod (0*3 meter) from
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Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, bookiddenmarkitsmedica00unse
