Johann Jacob Hartlieb, German surgeon, with his hand on a damaged skull with trepanning instruments and drills at lower left. Trepanation is a form of
Johann Jacob Hartlieb, German surgeon, with his hand on a damaged skull with trepanning instruments and drills at lower left. Trepanation is a form of treatment in which a hole is drilled in the skull. It was used to treat many conditions in the Middle Ages, including headaches, migraines, epilepsy and mental illness. The modern surgical procedure that replaced this is called craniotomy. It was the widespread use of fire arms during the Renaissance period that greatly increased the incidence of fractures and trauma involving the skull, and hence associated surgical operations. Artwork by 18th-century German engraver August Christian Fleischmann.
Size: 2756px × 3189px
Photo credit: © NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE/SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
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