The evolution of France under the third republic . ve remained inoperative, had not the fall ofthe Gambetta ministry suddenly taken place on January26, and thereby put an immediate stop to the move-ment of intervention which they were beginning tosketch out in Paris. Tergiversation began again ; thewinter of 1882 passed, without their having arrived atany solution of the problem. Arabi became more andmore popular, and felt that he was better and betterobeyed; he organized a sham plot against himself,collected together a court-martial, and caused thepretended culprits to be condemned with such
The evolution of France under the third republic . ve remained inoperative, had not the fall ofthe Gambetta ministry suddenly taken place on January26, and thereby put an immediate stop to the move-ment of intervention which they were beginning tosketch out in Paris. Tergiversation began again ; thewinter of 1882 passed, without their having arrived atany solution of the problem. Arabi became more andmore popular, and felt that he was better and betterobeyed; he organized a sham plot against himself,collected together a court-martial, and caused thepretended culprits to be condemned with such severitythat the consuls were obliged to interfere to persuadethe Khedive to commute the sentence. On May 25, at last backed up by the presence of thefleets of their respective countries, which had just castanchor in front of Alexandria, M. Sienkevicz, theConsul-General of France, and Sir Edward Maletdemanded of the Khedive the dismissal of his ministers 1 This note was due to the initiative of Gambetta; this has been provedby the Yellow Books. 1. CH. DE , MINISTER AND SENATOR. TUNIS AND EGYPT. 125 and the removal of Arabi. Tewfik seemed to yield,and the ministiy resigned ; but a few days later, Arabi,restored to his posts, recovered an almost dictatorialpower. Then the Porte came on the scene, and sentto Egypt an official commission entrusted with there-establishment of order. Dervish Pasha was at thehead of it. This was almost a solution of the problem ;at least it was an expedient, and perhaps the best, toprovoke the intervention of Turkey and to support it.^But M. de Freycinet preferred to have recourse, in hisdesire to avoid complications, to that expedient whichis so well worn that it is equivalent to a confession ofimpotence,—the assembling of an international con-ference. This was a proceeding appropriate to Otto-man sluggishness; nevertheless, the Sultan did notappoint any representatives. He no longer admittedthe interference of Europe in his quarrel with
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