. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. THE MAMMAEY GLANDS. 1337 lies upon the superficial aspect of the pectoralis major and to a less extent upon the serratus anterior muscle. Near the summit of each mammary elevation, and usually at the level of the fourth or fifth rib, is placed the wart-like nijjple or papilla mammae, which is pierced by the minute openings of the lactiferous ducts and is surrounded by a coloured circular area of skin called the areola. The skin covering the nipple is thrown into numerous wrinkles, and on the areola exhibits many minute rounded projections due to th
. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. THE MAMMAEY GLANDS. 1337 lies upon the superficial aspect of the pectoralis major and to a less extent upon the serratus anterior muscle. Near the summit of each mammary elevation, and usually at the level of the fourth or fifth rib, is placed the wart-like nijjple or papilla mammae, which is pierced by the minute openings of the lactiferous ducts and is surrounded by a coloured circular area of skin called the areola. The skin covering the nipple is thrown into numerous wrinkles, and on the areola exhibits many minute rounded projections due to the presence of underlying cutaneous glands. These have received the name of glandulae areolares, and are considered to represent rudimentary portions of the mamma. The colour of the nipple and areola varies with the complexion of the individual, but in young subjects they are usually of a somewhat rosy-pink colour, which changes to a deep brown during the second and third months of first pregnancy. Also during pregnancy the areola increases in size and its glands become more marked. The nipple contains a considerable number of unstriped muscle fibres, and becomes firmer and more prominent as a result of mechanical stimulation. The size and appearance of the mammae vary much, not only in the different races of mankind, but also in the same individual under different conditions. In the young child the mammae are small, and there is little difference between those of the male and female. Their growth is slow until the approach of puberty, and then the female mammas increase rapidly in size. At each pregnancy the mammae become large, and they attain their greatest development during lactation. The size of the mamma depends partly on the amount of superficial fat and partly on the amount of gland- ular tissue present. Structure of the Mamma. \ —The mamma is composed of v\ a mass of glandular tissue traversed and supported by strands of fibrous connective Ampulla- "' tissue, an
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectanatomy, bookyear1914
