. Biology; the story of living things. 266 THE MAINTENANCE OF THE INDIVIDUAL siderably influenced by external conditions. Low temperatures slow up the process as do very high temperatures, there being an optimum temperature for each organism at which the rate of respiration goes on best. Seeds have survived a temperature of—250° C. Experiments with leaves show that the respiratory rate increases rapidly from 0°-40° C, from which point it falls slowly until the death of the organism. The amount of food present in the plant is a second factor influencing the rate of respiration, while the rate a
. Biology; the story of living things. 266 THE MAINTENANCE OF THE INDIVIDUAL siderably influenced by external conditions. Low temperatures slow up the process as do very high temperatures, there being an optimum temperature for each organism at which the rate of respiration goes on best. Seeds have survived a temperature of—250° C. Experiments with leaves show that the respiratory rate increases rapidly from 0°-40° C, from which point it falls slowly until the death of the organism. The amount of food present in the plant is a second factor influencing the rate of respiration, while the rate also varies with the amount of protoplasm in the cells. Light usually increases the respiratory rate, probably because of a parallel increase in food and temperature. It is also found that wave lengths which increase photosynthesis also increase the respiratory rate. Finally, the rate of respiration is greatly affected by poisons or anesthetics, at first being increased, but later slowing down rapidly. In brief, respiration in plants, as in animals, is induced by the action of enzymes, and results in the release of energy. Transpiration If a healthy potted plant is placed in a dry bell jar and left in the sun for a few minutes, drops of water are seen to gather on the inside of the jar. By covering the pot with a rubber tissue to exclude the large. battery jar-. (Jovcrect vith 5heet rubbe' moifture. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Hunter, George W. (George William), 1873-1948; Walter, Herbert Eugene, b. 1867; Hunter, George W. (George William), 1902-. New York, Cincinnati [etc. ] American book company
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