. The physiology of the Invertebrata. ^ ft,II sub-cesophageal ganglion leads into a ventral ganglionatedchain, which has three pairs of coalesced ganglia in thethorax, and six pairs of closely connected and smaller ganglia • PHYSIOLOGY OF THE INVERTEBRATA. 327. in the abdomen. The brain gives off nerves to the senseorgans (eyes, antennae), the sub-cesophageal ganglion suppliesthe mouth, and the other ganglia the rest of the visceral nervous system iswell developed in the Insecta.(Fig. 63, 4). In the Insecta, the ner-vous system varies very muchin the extent to which its com-ponent gan
. The physiology of the Invertebrata. ^ ft,II sub-cesophageal ganglion leads into a ventral ganglionatedchain, which has three pairs of coalesced ganglia in thethorax, and six pairs of closely connected and smaller ganglia • PHYSIOLOGY OF THE INVERTEBRATA. 327. in the abdomen. The brain gives off nerves to the senseorgans (eyes, antennae), the sub-cesophageal ganglion suppliesthe mouth, and the other ganglia the rest of the visceral nervous system iswell developed in the Insecta.(Fig. 63, 4). In the Insecta, the ner-vous system varies very muchin the extent to which its com-ponent ganglia are united to-gether. In most Orthopteraand Neuroptera, and in manyOoleoptera, the thoracic andabdominal ganglia remain dis-tinct and are united by doublecommissures as in Blatta (Peri-planeta). In the Zepidoptera,the thoracic ganglia have coa-lesced into two masses unitedby double commissures; whilein the abdomen there are five ganglia, with single or partially separated commissural concentration goes furthest in some Diptera and in theStrepsiptera, in which the thoracic and abdominal ganglia arefused into a common mass. In many insects there are respira-tory nerves, whose branches are distributed to the muscles ofthe stigmata. The inner
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1890, booksubjectinverte, bookyear1892
