The fireside university of modern invention, discovery, industry and art for home circle study and entertainment . ogen (NH),Fluorine, and other Elements may take the place of Oxygen,so that Hydrogen has pushed Oxygen out of its place as theacid-maker. We have already shown the importance of theHydro-Carbon molecules. What are the Halogens ? Chlorine, Fluorine, Bromine and Iodine. (See Salt.) Theyare the Salt-Producers. Fluorine has not been isolated. Bromineis a red liquid. Iodine is a black, crystalline solid. Chlorine,as we have said, is a green gas. It comes into market in coppercylinders,
The fireside university of modern invention, discovery, industry and art for home circle study and entertainment . ogen (NH),Fluorine, and other Elements may take the place of Oxygen,so that Hydrogen has pushed Oxygen out of its place as theacid-maker. We have already shown the importance of theHydro-Carbon molecules. What are the Halogens ? Chlorine, Fluorine, Bromine and Iodine. (See Salt.) Theyare the Salt-Producers. Fluorine has not been isolated. Bromineis a red liquid. Iodine is a black, crystalline solid. Chlorine,as we have said, is a green gas. It comes into market in coppercylinders, and under pressure as a liquid. These four Elemen:sare always grouped together, and where a Radicle will cling tothe molecules of one of them, it will cling to all. The metalliccrystals are alike. 17 258 THE FIRESIDE UNIVERSITY. For what is Chlorine famous? It is in table salt. It is in the Gold compound that has beentaken as a specific cure by alcoholic invalids all over the is in Chloroform (Formic acid is from red ants), the wonder-ful anaesthetic or pain-killer. It is used in making gelatine. It. Fig. 104. KAEHLERS GAS GENERATOR, FOR MAKING CHLORINE. is in Chlorate of Potash, used in matches. The Chlorides ofSilver, Sulphur and Zinc are in daily use. Chloride of Lime isbleaching powder. It is a leading disinfectant. Hydrochloricacid, as now used in the arts, is a bye-product of the alkalimanufactories. The gas once escaped in the air and blightedsurrounding vegetation, but laws were passed to stop this, withthe result of compelling better economies. Our salt, our matches,our clothes, all our paper, our medicines (including Chloral—from Chlorine and Alcohol), some of our foods, and many of ourimplements and ornaments owe their existence more or lessdirectly to Chlorine. It was isolated by Scheele in 1774. What of Iodine ? It was named from a Greek word for violet-colored, because CHEMISTRY. 359 of the appearance of its vapor. Its chief use commercially is asMethy
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