. Foundations of botany. nthemum Leucanthemum . . officinale . . Miill., Newell. IV Berberis vulgaris Lubbock. Kalmia latifolia Gray. V Trifolium repens Miill. Trifolium pratense Miill. Robinia Pseudacacia Gray. Wistaria sinensis Gray. Vicia cracca Miill. Pisum sativum Mtill. Phaseolus vulgaris Gray. Apios tuberosa Gray. VI Mitchella repens . Gray. Primula grandijlora, P. officinalis . Salicaria Gray. VII Asclepias Cornuti .... Mtill., Newell. 42. Ladys-slipper VIII Cypripedium acaule Newell. 439. Cleistogamous Flowers. — In marked contrast withsuch flowers as t
. Foundations of botany. nthemum Leucanthemum . . officinale . . Miill., Newell. IV Berberis vulgaris Lubbock. Kalmia latifolia Gray. V Trifolium repens Miill. Trifolium pratense Miill. Robinia Pseudacacia Gray. Wistaria sinensis Gray. Vicia cracca Miill. Pisum sativum Mtill. Phaseolus vulgaris Gray. Apios tuberosa Gray. VI Mitchella repens . Gray. Primula grandijlora, P. officinalis . Salicaria Gray. VII Asclepias Cornuti .... Mtill., Newell. 42. Ladys-slipper VIII Cypripedium acaule Newell. 439. Cleistogamous Flowers. — In marked contrast withsuch flowers as those discussed in the preceding sections,which bid for insect visitors or expose their pollen to beblown about by the wind, are certain flowers which remainclosed even during the pollination of the stigma. Theseflowers are called cleistogamous and of course are not 370 FOUNDATIONS OF BOTANY cross-pollinated. Usually they occur on plants whichalso bear flowers adapted for cross-pollination, and in this ->>>. Fig. 261. —a Violet, with Cleistogamoiis objects which look like flower-buds are cleistogamous flowers in variousstages of development. The pods are the fruit of similar flowers. Theplant is represented as it appears in late July or August, after the ordi-nary flowers have disappeared. ECOLOGY OF FLOWERS 371 case the closed flowers are much less conspicuous thanthe others, yet they produce much seed. Every oneknows the ordinary flowers of the violet, but most people
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