. A Manual of botany : being an introduction to the study of the structure, physiology, and classification of plants . Botany. 300 FEUIT OR MATURE PISTIL. of the ovary, divisions may take place in the fruit which did not exist in the ovary. In Pretrea zanzibarica a one-celled ovary is changed into a four-celled fruit by the extension of the placenta. In Cathartocarpus Fistula (fig. 429, p. 244) a one-celled ovary is changed into a fruit having each of its seeds in a separate cell, in con- sequence of spurious dissepiments being pro- duced in a horizontal manner, from the inner wall of the ovar
. A Manual of botany : being an introduction to the study of the structure, physiology, and classification of plants . Botany. 300 FEUIT OR MATURE PISTIL. of the ovary, divisions may take place in the fruit which did not exist in the ovary. In Pretrea zanzibarica a one-celled ovary is changed into a four-celled fruit by the extension of the placenta. In Cathartocarpus Fistula (fig. 429, p. 244) a one-celled ovary is changed into a fruit having each of its seeds in a separate cell, in con- sequence of spurious dissepiments being pro- duced in a horizontal manner, from the inner wall of the ovary after fertilisation. In Tri- bulus terrestris, each cell of the ovary (fig. 534) has slight projections, c, on its walls, in- terposed between the ovules, o, which, when the fruit is ripe, are seen to have formed dis- _. ,„. tinct transverse divisions (fig. 535 c), or spurious dissepiments, separating the seeds, g. In Astragalus, the folding of the dorsal suture inwards converts a one- ceUed ovary into a two-celled fruit; and in Oxytropis the folding of the ventral suture gives rise to a similar change in the fruit. The development of cellular or pulpy matter frequently alters the appearance of the fruit, and renders it difficult to discover its formation^ In the Strawberry, the axis becomes succulent, and bears the carpels on its convex surface; in the Rose there is a fleshy hollow torus or disk, which bears the carpels on its concave surface. In the Goose- berry, Grape, Guava, Tomato, and Pomegranate, the seeds nestle in pulp formed apparently by the placentas. In the Orange, the pulpy matter surrounding the seeds is formed by succulent ceUs, which are produced from the inner partitioned lining of the pericarp. The pistil, in its simplest state, consists of a carpel or folded leaf, with ovules at its margin; and the same thing will be found in the fruit, where the pericarp, as in the Bean (fig. 536), represents the carpellary leaf, and the seeds correspond to the ovules.
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectbotany, bookyear1875
