. Handbook of birds of the western United States including the great plains, great basin, Pacific slope, and lower Rio Grande valley . Fig. Bill not short and conical. 2. Tail feathers stiff and pointed. Sturnella, p. Tail feathers not stiff and pointed. 3. Tail graduated and folded laterally. Quiscalus, p. 301 3. Tail mainly even, not folded 4. Feet weak, for perching4. Feet strong, for walking. Fig. 355. Icterus, p. 293. 5. Claws of side toes reaching beyond middle toe ;males in summer black with yellow heads. Xanthocephalus, p. 288.

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