. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 372 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 2549. P. judaica L. (= P. diffusa Mert. et Koch, and P. ramiflora MoencK). (Hildebrand, ' D. Geschlechts-Vert. b. d. Pfl.,' pp. 18-19.)—In this species the brush-like stigmas protrude from the bud while the perianth is still closed, and are shrivelled before this opens and the anthers dehisce. Self-pollination is therefore excluded, and crossing with separate stocks always takes place. 2550. P. officinalis L. (= P. erecta Meri.


. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 372 ANGIOSPERMAE—DICOTYLEDONES 2549. P. judaica L. (= P. diffusa Mert. et Koch, and P. ramiflora MoencK). (Hildebrand, ' D. Geschlechts-Vert. b. d. Pfl.,' pp. 18-19.)—In this species the brush-like stigmas protrude from the bud while the perianth is still closed, and are shrivelled before this opens and the anthers dehisce. Self-pollination is therefore excluded, and crossing with separate stocks always takes place. 2550. P. officinalis L. (= P. erecta Meri. et Koch). (Kirchner, ' Beitrage,' p. 12.) —The flower mechanism of this species is the same as that of the preceding one. Some stigmas are red, others white. Warnstorf describes the pollen-grains as very small, white in colour, rounded tetrahedral, 15-18 /x in diameter. Visitors.—Redtenbacher observed the. Fig. 362. Parietaria judaica^ L. (after Hildebrand). c, Hermaphrodite flower, just before opening; the stigma is already mature. d. The same shortly after opening ; the stigma has fallen off, but the anthers are still closed. e, Flower with dehisced anthers. Eucnemid beetle Throscus elateroides Heer. 790. Pilea Lindl. 2551. p. muscosa Lindl. (=P. microphylla Liebm).—This species is indi- genous to tropical America; its flower-buds explode, scattering the pollen into the air in small clouds (Kerner, 'Nat. Hist. Pl.,'Eng. Ed. i, II, p. 137). 791. Ficus Tourn. Dioecious, more rarely monoecious plants, bearing small flowers enclosed in a rounded to pear-shaped fleshy common receptacle closed above (hypanthodium). 2552. F. Carica L. (Linnaeus, ' Amoenitates,' I, p. 41, 1774; St. Laurent, ' Caprificazione,' 1752 ; Riville,' M^m. sur la caprification,' 1755; Cavolini,' Memoria,' 1782 ; Gallesio, 'Pomona italiana,' 1817 ; H. Low, ' Caprifikation,' 1843; Semmola^ 'Delia caprificazione,' 1845; Gasparrini, Rend. Ace. sc, Napoli, iv, 1845, vii, 1848 ; Leclerc, ' De la caprific


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