. The earth and its inhabitants .. . have been laid bare. Bounded by escarpments of * Culminating summits of mountain groups of Great Britain : — Northern Highlands, Ben \Vy^•is 3,422 feet. Gi-ampians, Ben Nevis 4,406 „ „ Ben Muich (Mae) Dhui 4,296 „ Hills of South Scotland, Merrick 2,764 „ Cheviot 2,669 „ Pennine Chain, Cross Fell 2,928 „ Cambrian mountains. Sea Fell 3,230 „ Welsh mountains, Snowdon 3,.590 „ Mountains of Devonshire and Cornwall, Yes Tor (Dartmoor) . . 2,077 „ 12 THE BEITISH ISLES. chalk, this area of denudation opens out like an ancient bay upon the EnglishChannel. Its level
. The earth and its inhabitants .. . have been laid bare. Bounded by escarpments of * Culminating summits of mountain groups of Great Britain : — Northern Highlands, Ben \Vy^•is 3,422 feet. Gi-ampians, Ben Nevis 4,406 „ „ Ben Muich (Mae) Dhui 4,296 „ Hills of South Scotland, Merrick 2,764 „ Cheviot 2,669 „ Pennine Chain, Cross Fell 2,928 „ Cambrian mountains. Sea Fell 3,230 „ Welsh mountains, Snowdon 3,.590 „ Mountains of Devonshire and Cornwall, Yes Tor (Dartmoor) . . 2,077 „ 12 THE BEITISH ISLES. chalk, this area of denudation opens out like an ancient bay upon the EnglishChannel. Its level parts consist of clav, above which rises a central ridge composedof Hastings sands.* Quite as striking as the contrast between the rugged mountain regions whichoccupy North Britain and the west of England is the difference of aspect presentedby the opposite coasts of the island. The east coast is of uniform contour, and Fig. 6.—Geological Map of South-eastern to Best. Scale 1 : 3, 1. Alluvia 2. Upper Tertiary. 3. London Clay, &c. 4. Chalk. 5 & 6. Greensand and Gait. 7. Weald. 12. Permian. 8. Oolitic. 13. Carboniferous. 9. Lias. 14. 50 Miles. 10& 11. Triassic, &c. 15. SUurian. almost devoid of natural harbours, but their absence is somewhat compensated forby the existence of estuaries; the approaches to these, however, are often rendered * Culminating points of the uplands of Eastern England:— Oolitic Limestone Ranges { CotswoM Hills, Cleeve Hill Cretaceous Ranges York Moors. Botton Head South Downs, Butser Hill . . North Downs, Inkpen Beacon . LeithHill . . Chiltern Hills, Wendover HiU . 1,134 feet. 1,498 „883 „973 „967 „905 „ GEOLOGY AND SUEFACB FEATURES. 13 dangerous by shoals and sand-banks, Marsbes and shelving beaches are frequentalong it, and the cliffs being for the most part composed of chalk, clay, or sand,and unable to resist the assaults of the ocean, crumble away. In many places thesea
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1880, booksubjectgeography, bookyear18
