Our first century . River, be-came English possessions. CHAPTER XI MARYLAND DURING all this while the impulse of English settle-ment in America was manifesting itself by thefounding of colonies on many parts of the the early part of that century of settlement therewas planted a new colony in what we now call Maryland,under peculiar auspices. George Calvert was a memberof the original Virginia Company andwas a man near and dear to KingJames I, who later made him one ofthe councilors for New England. Ahttle later still King James raised himto the Irish peerage as Lord Balti-more. Ba
Our first century . River, be-came English possessions. CHAPTER XI MARYLAND DURING all this while the impulse of English settle-ment in America was manifesting itself by thefounding of colonies on many parts of the the early part of that century of settlement therewas planted a new colony in what we now call Maryland,under peculiar auspices. George Calvert was a memberof the original Virginia Company andwas a man near and dear to KingJames I, who later made him one ofthe councilors for New England. Ahttle later still King James raised himto the Irish peerage as Lord Balti-more. Baltimore had become aCatholic in religion, and Catholicswere at that time sorely persecuted inEngland. He planned, therefore, to plant a colony inAmerica where men of that faith should be permitted toworship in their own way without state or other interfer-ence. The king granted to Baltimore the privilege ofestablishing such a colony and Lord Baltimore sent outfor that purpose a considerable company of men of the106. Lord Baltimore. MARYLAND 107 Catholic faith and undertook to settle them in New-foundland. He named his colony Avalon—a prettyname, but one which did not overcome the rigors of theclimate of Newfoundland or render the sterile soil of thatregion more fruitful. Realizing the inhospitality of the climate in which hehad settled his people, Lord Baltimore wisely sought agrant of land in some more habitable part of fixed upon Virginia as a region suited to his wrote to King Charles asking him for a grant ofland there, and the king was disposed to make it. Butthe Virginians objected on account of Lord Baltimoresacceptance of theCatholic faith and alsobecause they did notwant any of theirlands alienated. Atthat time the test be- Lord Baltimore penny. tween Catholics and Protestants in England was the ques-tion of who was head of the church. Since the time ofHenry VHI the Protestants had contended that the kingoccupied that position in England while t
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