. Dairy farming : being the theory, practice, and methods of dairying. Dairy farms; Dairy plants; Milk plants. CHAPTER X. Draining. Draining—Business Arrangements—Ancient Systems of Draining—Plug-Draining—Drains of Broken Stone—Mole-Draining—Sheep Drains—Bog-Draining—Draining Tools and Tiles—Stone Drains—Reasons for Draining—Wet and Dry Soils—Eflfccts of Draining on Clay Soils—Aeration, or Disintegration—Planning a System of Drainage—Importance of a True Level in Drains—Examples of Good Drainage—Preserving Plans of Drainage System—Discharge and Rainfall Compared—Tables—Rate of Inclination— Out
. Dairy farming : being the theory, practice, and methods of dairying. Dairy farms; Dairy plants; Milk plants. CHAPTER X. Draining. Draining—Business Arrangements—Ancient Systems of Draining—Plug-Draining—Drains of Broken Stone—Mole-Draining—Sheep Drains—Bog-Draining—Draining Tools and Tiles—Stone Drains—Reasons for Draining—Wet and Dry Soils—Eflfccts of Draining on Clay Soils—Aeration, or Disintegration—Planning a System of Drainage—Importance of a True Level in Drains—Examples of Good Drainage—Preserving Plans of Drainage System—Discharge and Rainfall Compared—Tables—Rate of Inclination— Outlet—Costs—Benefits from Draining—From Occasionally Stopping Drains—Enemies to Drains— Capillarity-Why Wet Land is Cold Land—Good Drainage the ;ill 1:111(1 that is not naturally dry and soitnd, artifieial drain- ino- is the foundation of good husbandry; no other ira- j)rovemeuts can be effective without it, and no system of cultivation satisfactory. Hence it follows that all water-logged land, and also other land which, though perhaps not exactly water-logged, is still too wet, must be drained as a first opera- tion. As a rule, the landlord will do this, charging the tenant a fair interest on the outlay; or, if the tenant does it, the landlord \vill charge a smaller rent for a given term of years, in consideration of his tenant's outlay. There are a variety of arrangements entered into between landlord and tenant as to the draining of land. In some instances the landlord provides draining-tUes, and the tenant lays them do\vn, no subsequent claim for payment of either principal or interest being afterwards advanced by either party. In cases where a tenant has a lease for nineteen or twenty-one years, he will commonly do the draining at his own cost entirely, and will have been well rejjaid long before the end of the lease. But, as a rule, the most satisfactory system, the simplest, fairest, and most straightforward,
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