. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1985 France and von Aderkas: Matteuccia struthiopteris 519. Figure 2. Canadian distribution oi Matteuccia struthiopteris from specimens in DAO (Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Ontario), CAN (National Museum of Canada. Ottawa, Ontario), NFLD (Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland), NSAC (Nova Scotia Agricultural College, Truro, Nova Scotia), ACAD (Acadia University, Wolf- ville. Nova Scotia) and maps in Cruise (1972). Roland and Smith (1969) and Scotter and Cody (1979). eastern and central Europe, extending westward to eastern Belgium and Franc
. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1985 France and von Aderkas: Matteuccia struthiopteris 519. Figure 2. Canadian distribution oi Matteuccia struthiopteris from specimens in DAO (Canada Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Ontario), CAN (National Museum of Canada. Ottawa, Ontario), NFLD (Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland), NSAC (Nova Scotia Agricultural College, Truro, Nova Scotia), ACAD (Acadia University, Wolf- ville. Nova Scotia) and maps in Cruise (1972). Roland and Smith (1969) and Scotter and Cody (1979). eastern and central Europe, extending westward to eastern Belgium and France, parts of the Alps, central Yugoslavia and Sicily (Todaro 1866; Lawalree 1964; Hulten 1968, map; Lloyd 1971). In North America it is distributed from western Newfoundland to southern Alaska, Virginia, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, South Dakota and British Columbia (Lloyd 1971; Scoggan 1978; Tryon and Tryon 1982, map). In Canada, it is found in all provinces and territories (Figure 2) but it is most abundant from New Brunswick west to southern Quebec and southern Ontario. (b) Altitudinalrange. Af. 5rri/?/2/oprera grows from near sea level to 4000 m elevation (Lloyd 1971). The highest recorded elevation in Canada is 732 m near Dawson Creek, British Columbia (DAO #200053). In Scandinavia M. struthiopteris-dominated grey alder woods are found in the prealpine belt (Hamet-Ahti 1963). They are most common at lower altitudes, such as in the AInus incana forests below 650 m elevation in R^ldal, Norway. The Ostrich Fern occurs in plant associations up to 750 m but the abundance decreases (Odland 1981). 4. Physical Habitat (a) Climatic relations. In North America the northern limit of Af. struthiopteris distribution may be related to temperature. Scoggan (1978) characterized its distribution as low subarctic and high temperate, extending from the °C isotherm of mean annual temperature in the north, to the ca. °C isotherm in southern British Columbia and the Niagara peni
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