A descriptive and historical account of hydraulic and other machines for raising water, ancient and modern : with observations on various subjects connected with the mechanic arts: including the progressive development of the steam engine . ough whichthe water was discharged into a trough or gutter placed immedintely un-der it. The tympanum is obviously a modification of the jantu of India,or rather it is a number of them combined, and having a revolvino; insteadof a vibratory movement. It is the first machine described by Vitruvius;of which he observes, it does not raise the water high, but i
A descriptive and historical account of hydraulic and other machines for raising water, ancient and modern : with observations on various subjects connected with the mechanic arts: including the progressive development of the steam engine . ough whichthe water was discharged into a trough or gutter placed immedintely un-der it. The tympanum is obviously a modification of the jantu of India,or rather it is a number of them combined, and having a revolvino; insteadof a vibratory movement. It is the first machine described by Vitruvius;of which he observes, it does not raise the water high, but it dischargesa great quantity in a short time. B. x. Cap. 9. From its resemblanceto a drum or tabor, it was named by the Romans Tijmpanvm. The prominent defect of the tympanum arises from the water beingalways at the extremity of a radius of the wheel, by which its resistanceincreases as it ascends to a level with the axis; being raised at the end oflevers which virtually lengthen till the water is discharired from themThere is no reason to suppose that this defect, if perceived at all by an-cient mechanicians, was ever remedied by them ; to most persons, the ideawould never occur, that so simple a machine could be essentially improv. 14 The Tijnipannm and Scoop Wheel. Ill ed, and its having been doscribcd as rcpresonted in tlio last fign/o by aIlcjrnari pliiloeopher and engineer; it was most likely used as thus con-structed, llirough the remote ages of antifjuity, to the early part of the lastcentury, when a member of the Royal Academy of Sciences, of Fi-ance,M, De La Fayo, developed by geometrical reasoning, a beautiful andtiiily philosophical improvement. Jt is described by Belidor, (, 385,
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, bookiddescriptiveh, bookyear1876
