. Report of the geological exploration of the fortieth parallel . ertical diameter of neural canal, at posterior opening, — Total length of jdeurapophysis, Length of free portion of pleurapophysis, Diameter of pleurapophysis, at base, - Transvei-se diameter of lateral foramen, - - Vertical diameter of lateral foramen, - The Thirteenth Vertebra. (Plate IV, figure 4.) The tliirteentli vertebra in many respects resembles the twelfth, andis I of about the same length. It is rather more excavated at the sides, andhas a^iparently a somewhat larger lateral foramen. The nem-
. Report of the geological exploration of the fortieth parallel . ertical diameter of neural canal, at posterior opening, — Total length of jdeurapophysis, Length of free portion of pleurapophysis, Diameter of pleurapophysis, at base, - Transvei-se diameter of lateral foramen, - - Vertical diameter of lateral foramen, - The Thirteenth Vertebra. (Plate IV, figure 4.) The tliirteentli vertebra in many respects resembles the twelfth, andis I of about the same length. It is rather more excavated at the sides, andhas a^iparently a somewhat larger lateral foramen. The nem-al spine isbut slightly indicated, and in this and the next vertebra reaches its mini-mum of development. The anterior and posterior zygapophyses a{)proachstill nearer to each other, to aid the flexm-e of the neck, which is greatestat this point. The descending processes are short and stout, and thepleurapophyses much as in the twelfth vertebra. The figures given below represent the anterior and posterior aspectsof the vertebra here described. Fio. 8. Fig.
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