. Roentgen interpretation; a manual for students and practitioners . Fig. 172.—Injected kidney pelvices. The abnormal shape is due to anatomical variation. THE KIDNEYS 197 margin. Arising from its outer edge are a variable number of pro-cesses projecting into the kidney substance (the major calices) fromthe tips of which arise small further projections called minor calices,(with cupping between). The pelvis may be more or less globularor consist entirely of two or more branches. The errors which mustbe guarded against are incomplete filling of the pelvis, usually dueto spasm of the ureter or p
. Roentgen interpretation; a manual for students and practitioners . Fig. 172.—Injected kidney pelvices. The abnormal shape is due to anatomical variation. THE KIDNEYS 197 margin. Arising from its outer edge are a variable number of pro-cesses projecting into the kidney substance (the major calices) fromthe tips of which arise small further projections called minor calices,(with cupping between). The pelvis may be more or less globularor consist entirely of two or more branches. The errors which mustbe guarded against are incomplete filling of the pelvis, usually dueto spasm of the ureter or pelvis brought on by too rapid disten-tion, compression from neighboring organs, extrarenal tumors androtation of the Fig. 173.—Hydronephrosis, demonstrated by injection with thorium. Anomalies.—Aberrant positions of the kidneys and multipleureters are perhaps best brought out by this method which is moreaccurate than plain roentgenology with or without opaque catheter. Hydronephrosis.—Hydronephrosis shows all degrees of changefrom blunting of the minor calices to the formation of a large sac,depending upon the site of the obstruction and the length of itsexistence. With obstruction near the kidney the characteristicearly change is blunting of the minor calices. With obstructionnear the bladder, on the other hand, dilatation of the pelvis and acertain amount of rounding of its outline is the characteristic find- 198 GEN I TO-URINARY TRACT ing. In the later stages of the process both major and minor calicesmay disappear and the thorium collect in a pool in the sac withremains of the kidney. The discovery of a stone in the ureter isconfirmatory evidence of the process in the pelvis. In inflammato
Size: 1782px × 1402px
Photo credit: © Reading Room 2020 / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, bookidroentgeninte, bookyear1919
