Dental cosmos . he bicus-pids are wel. advanced to completion. At the same time the periph- 78 THE DENTAL COSMOS eral structures are not changing in correspondence. Hence anelement of disturbance is created. Clinical Applications.—It is evident that if, as has been claimed,the ruga) are modified by nutritive and developmental processes,they will have clinical significance also. The application will beespecially evident in the manner in which the rugre are aborted byprotrusion of the premaxillary elements, and of the hyperostosis ofthe structures at the raphe. When the vault is flat,—the ruga?t
Dental cosmos . he bicus-pids are wel. advanced to completion. At the same time the periph- 78 THE DENTAL COSMOS eral structures are not changing in correspondence. Hence anelement of disturbance is created. Clinical Applications.—It is evident that if, as has been claimed,the ruga) are modified by nutritive and developmental processes,they will have clinical significance also. The application will beespecially evident in the manner in which the rugre are aborted byprotrusion of the premaxillary elements, and of the hyperostosis ofthe structures at the raphe. When the vault is flat,—the ruga?tending to be symmetrical though feebly developed,—a condition ispresent which is often found associated with chronic nasal catarrhof the atrophic type. If the arch is wide the sides of the palate andthe alveolar processes are not well developed, the ruga) are gatheredin a clump upon an anterior declivity of low inclination, the turbinalscrolls are small, and the membranes non-erectile. The teeth in Fig. such individuals are large, especially the incisors, the patient ispredisposed to premature recession of the gums from about thenecks of the teeth and to suppurative affections of their roots.* The Incisive Pad.—The pad is often of a bluish red color whenthe palate elsewhere is of a pale hue. At other times the pad is ofpink color and the base surrounded by a deep blue line. Thus thepad may be congested either in whole or in part while the rest ofthe hard palate is entirely free. In a man fifty-six years of agefrom whom I had removed a number of polypi the pad was theseat of soreness and pain for a week after the operation. It consti-tuted the only annoyance which followed upon an operation of ex-ceptional extent. In children who have been operated upon for *For the connection between atrophic catarrh and premature recession of thegum see a paper by the author in Dental Cosmos, 1885, xxvii, 329. PERISCOPE. 79 deflected septum the necks of the teeth are surrounded by
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