Rene Descartes's concept of the nerve. From "De Homine," 1662. The last chapter of Descartes's The World was published separately as De Homine (On Man) in 1662. The World was written between 1629 and 1633 and contains a nearly complete version of his philosophy, from method, to metaphysics, to physics and biology. Rene Descartes (1596-1650) was a French mathematician and philosopher. He is considered a founding father of modern philosophy, famous for his statement "Cogito ergo sum" - "I think, therefore I am" (from his 'Discourses on the Method' 1637).

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