Ontario Public School History of England : Authorized by the Minister of Education for Ontario for Use in Forms IV and V of the Public Schools . ing monasterieswere confiscated. Themonks and nuns wereturned adrift, althoughsome of them were pen-The estates not retained for the kings own usewere given to his friends, or sold at a tithe of their splendid buildings were stripped of everything of value;books and manuscripts were burned; images were throwndown; windows of beautiful stained glass were shattered;and only the ruined, moss-grown walls now remain to tellthe story of the past.
Ontario Public School History of England : Authorized by the Minister of Education for Ontario for Use in Forms IV and V of the Public Schools . ing monasterieswere confiscated. Themonks and nuns wereturned adrift, althoughsome of them were pen-The estates not retained for the kings own usewere given to his friends, or sold at a tithe of their splendid buildings were stripped of everything of value;books and manuscripts were burned; images were throwndown; windows of beautiful stained glass were shattered;and only the ruined, moss-grown walls now remain to tellthe story of the past. So passed away an institutionwhich, time, had played a great part in English life. During the greater part of the Middle Ages the monks andpriests were the only men of any learning. They wrotebooks and copied manuscripts; they were the architects whoplanned and built many beautiful churches and abbeys; theylooked after the spiritual welfare of the people; they mademens wills and distributed the property among the heirs;they frequently adopted orphans and educated them; theyalone had schools where poor mens sons might learn to read;. Thomas CRoirwELL sioned. 1536] THE TUDOR SOVEREIGNS 125 they alone gave alms to the poor. The monks were almostthe only farmers who drained swamps and set good examplesin agriculture. The abbeys were, in some parts of the coun-try, the only places where travellers could procure refresh-ment and lodging. In short, the monks, nuns, and priestswere an intimate part of the daily life of every family,and dark as the Middle Ages were, they must have beenyet darker but for the civilizing and protecting care of thechurch. So bitter was the opposition to the spoliation of the monas-teries, that serious rebellions broke out in 1536 in the north ofEngland. At one time nearly one hundred thousand menwere under arms. The rising was called the Pilgrimage ofGrace, because every soldier bore a badge with a device torepresent the five wounds of Christ. The pi
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