Handbook to the ethnographical collections . artments. The coast people are called Moanu, theinlanders Usiai, and those between Matankor. The Usiai arepractically the serfs of the coastal people. THE PAPUASIANS 145 New Guinea and Toeres Straits With this large island may be included the following groups :the dEntrecasteaux Islands, the Trobriand Islands, and theLouisiade Archipelago, all at the south-east end of the island ;the Kei and Aru groups off the south-west coast, the SchoutenIslands to the north, and a number of scattered islands along thenorth-west coast. New Guinea was discovered Ij
Handbook to the ethnographical collections . artments. The coast people are called Moanu, theinlanders Usiai, and those between Matankor. The Usiai arepractically the serfs of the coastal people. THE PAPUASIANS 145 New Guinea and Toeres Straits With this large island may be included the following groups :the dEntrecasteaux Islands, the Trobriand Islands, and theLouisiade Archipelago, all at the south-east end of the island ;the Kei and Aru groups off the south-west coast, the SchoutenIslands to the north, and a number of scattered islands along thenorth-west coast. New Guinea was discovered Ijy J. de Menesesin 1524, but named by Ortiz de Retes in 1545. The mapping ofthe coast-line was performed piecemeal by many explorers, but theinterior is at present unknown. The dEntrecasteaux group wasfirst sighted by the navigator whose name it bears ; the LouisiadeArchipelago was named by Bougainville in 1793 in honour ofLouis XV of France. New Guinea and the adjacent islands aredivided between Holland, Great Britain, and Germany ; Holland. Fig. 125.—Bambu tobacco-pipe. Torres Straits. occupying that portion of the island west of 141° long., GreatBritain the southern half of the remainder, and Germany thenorthern half. In speaking of the inhabitants it must be remembered that theinterior of the island is unknown. The main stock of the popu-lation is Pajiuan, with local Polynesian admixture along thenorth coast and islands off the south-east end. Along the southcoast, east of Cape Possession, on the extreme south-east corner ofthe island, and in the Tiobriaud, dEntrecasteaux, and LouisiadeIslands the population is mainly Melanesian, and the termPapuo-Melanesian is used of them. Indications show theMelanesian element is due to two distinct migrations ; thus it canbe divided into eastern Papuo-Melanesian, occupying the islandsand the south-oast corner of the mainland, and western , occupying the soutli coast as far as Cape ]\)ssession. The islands of Tor
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