. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. n Froe (fmfrminwiTrvi/Fwm^ L Al+ernafe Eye from a wooden maul on the back of its blade. Once the split was started, the maul was dropped and the hand that had held it was placed at the end of the blade away from the handle. By twisting the blade with the two hands the split could be forced open. The froe was a most powerful and efficient splitting tool when narrow, short plank, or battens, were re- quired. The balk to be split was usually placed more or less end-up, as its length permitted, in the crotch of a felled tree, so as to hold it st
. Bulletin - United States National Museum. Science. n Froe (fmfrminwiTrvi/Fwm^ L Al+ernafe Eye from a wooden maul on the back of its blade. Once the split was started, the maul was dropped and the hand that had held it was placed at the end of the blade away from the handle. By twisting the blade with the two hands the split could be forced open. The froe was a most powerful and efficient splitting tool when narrow, short plank, or battens, were re- quired. The balk to be split was usually placed more or less end-up, as its length permitted, in the crotch of a felled tree, so as to hold it steady during the split- ting. The pioneer used this tool to make clapboards and riven shingles; the Indian canoe builder found it handy for all splitting. Another pioneer tool that became useful to the Indian canoe builder was the "shaving ; A sort of bench and vise, it was used by Indians in a variety of forms, all based on the same principle of construction. Usually a seven-foot-long bench made of a large log flattened on top was supported by two or four legs, one pair being high enough to raise that end of the bench several feet off the ground to provide a seat for the operator. To the top of the bench was secured a shorter, wedge-shaped piece flattened top and bottom, with one end beveled and fastened to the bench and the other held about 12 inches above it by a support tenoned into the bench about thirty inches from the high end. Through the bench and the shorter piece were cut slots, about four feet from the high end of the bench and alined to receive an arm pivoted on the bench and extending from the ground to above the upper slot. The arm was shaped to overhang the slot on the front, toward the operator's end of the bench, and on each side. The lower portion of the arm was squared to fit the slot, and a crosspiece was secured to, or through, its lower end. The worker sat astraddle the high end of the bench, facing the low end, with his feet on the crosspi
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