. Electric railways; a treatise on the modern development of electric traction, including practical instruction in the latest approved methods of electric equipment and operation . wires because of the scale of oxide that forms graduallywhen they are rim at a high temperature or because of w^ater strikingthem from passengers clothing on wet days, wdiich causes the wiresto snap. The Consolidated Car Heating Company gives the followingdata on the current required to heat cars: Length of CarHody. Amperes. Switch 2 3 Avorace ronditions • 14 to 20 f(«pt<; 20 to 28 1 28 to 34 ( 18 to
. Electric railways; a treatise on the modern development of electric traction, including practical instruction in the latest approved methods of electric equipment and operation . wires because of the scale of oxide that forms graduallywhen they are rim at a high temperature or because of w^ater strikingthem from passengers clothing on wet days, wdiich causes the wiresto snap. The Consolidated Car Heating Company gives the followingdata on the current required to heat cars: Length of CarHody. Amperes. Switch 2 3 Avorace ronditions • 14 to 20 f(«pt<; 20 to 28 1 28 to 34 ( 18 to 24 feet1 28 to 34 73 6 9 ipvorpst conditions 4 7 114 7 11 6 8 14 8fi ELECTRIC RAILWAYS In liis Electrical Engineers Hand Ho )k, Mr. Fester gives niailo on Brooklvn cars as follows: Oars. Temperature F. Consumption. Doors. Windows. 121212121616 Contents cu. ft. Outside. Averaseill far. 553049524/554 Watts. Amp* rtsat 5U0 volts. 2 22 44 850i850i sosini3i 10121012 28 72835 728 2295 232521 SO271530383160 6. ^^ hen not watched carefully considerable current mav be wastedby allowing the heaters to remain turned on when not needed. Many. V\ix. :ii). Klfftric Ilfutcr. companies hang out .signs where motormen may them, indi-cating when the heaters .shall be turned on and to what point. The practice in electric heating is to have plenty of heatersand run the wire at a low temperature, rather than attempt to heatwith a few at high temperature. The greater the number of heatersthe larger the radiating surface around which the air can circulateand a given amcnnit of car heating can be with lesscurrent than with a few high temperature heaters. The depreciationof the lieater wires is less the lower the tein])erature at which theyare oj^erated. An electric heater is shown in Fig. 30. Hot=Water Heaters are frecpiently used on large electric pipes are j)laced along the sides of the car, and connectedwith a s
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