Steam turbines; a practical and theoretical treatise for engineers and students, including a discussion of the gas turbine . this type of con-struction is the shortening of the machine without very muchloss in efficiency, the elimination of balancing pistons with theavoidance of the very considerable leakage of steam throughthem, and the securing of high economies at light loads by theapplication of the method of governing by cutting out nozzles(see page 277), now applied to Westinghouse turbines of thecombined impulse and reaction type. 228 THE STEAM TURBINE Fig. ii2h shows the relative lengt
Steam turbines; a practical and theoretical treatise for engineers and students, including a discussion of the gas turbine . this type of con-struction is the shortening of the machine without very muchloss in efficiency, the elimination of balancing pistons with theavoidance of the very considerable leakage of steam throughthem, and the securing of high economies at light loads by theapplication of the method of governing by cutting out nozzles(see page 277), now applied to Westinghouse turbines of thecombined impulse and reaction type. 228 THE STEAM TURBINE Fig. ii2h shows the relative lengths of the rotors of the latestdesign of Westinghouse turbine with combined impulse bladingand single-flow reaction blading compared with the conventionalsingle-flow Parsons type with balance pistons (see page 198).Nearly 50 per cent, in length is saved, making the difficultiesdue to springing and expansion of the casing and rotor relativelysmall. Another important consideration in choosing between the straight single-flow reaction and the combined impulse andreaction types is that the former is generally preferred for. Fig. 112L Single-flow Reaction Turbine with Kingsburys Thrust Bearing. moderate superheats and pressures, while the latter is selectedwhen the superheats and pressures are high. Another important improvement in the construction of reac-tion turbines is shown in Fig. ii2i where the Kingsbury type ofthrust bearing is applied. By this means the usual balancepistons required for the single-flow type are eliminated. A recent design of a 20,000-kilowatt tandem type of reac-tion turbine is shown in Fig. 112J. At the right-hand side is the COMMERCIAL TYPES 229
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