The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf : oceanography and resources / edited by Donald W. Hood and John A. Calder . easternberings00hood Year: 1981 SIDE VIEW Figure 14-10. Schematic drawing of grease ice and the Langmuir circulation adapted from Pollard (1977, Figure ). -INSULATION Figure 14-11. Schematic side-view drawing of the experi- mental tank, with inner dimensions of 2 m in length, 1 m in width, and m in depth. To illustrate both the induced circulation and the form that oil entrainment takes in waves propa- gating into grease ice, Fig. 14-12 shows a composite image of a sideview phot
The Eastern Bering Sea Shelf : oceanography and resources / edited by Donald W. Hood and John A. Calder . easternberings00hood Year: 1981 SIDE VIEW Figure 14-10. Schematic drawing of grease ice and the Langmuir circulation adapted from Pollard (1977, Figure ). -INSULATION Figure 14-11. Schematic side-view drawing of the experi- mental tank, with inner dimensions of 2 m in length, 1 m in width, and m in depth. To illustrate both the induced circulation and the form that oil entrainment takes in waves propa- gating into grease ice, Fig. 14-12 shows a composite image of a sideview photograph of the grease ice above a sketch of the wave-decay-induced mean ve- locity field in the grease ice; the sketch also shows the final distribution of oU released on the surface ahead of the grease ice. In the photograph, the grease ice is white, its maximum thickness is about m, the wave-period is sec, and the wavelength is m. The paddle is to the left in the photograph and a wave probe sticks into the water ahead of the paddle; the gap in the photograph is caused by a tank sup- port. Although we did not release oil into the grease ice shown in the photograph, the sketch shows the oil distribution which occurred in a similar experiment described below. For oil entrainment, the most important property of grease ice is that it changes abruptly from liquid to solid behavior; the transition is shown in Fig. 14-12 as the 'dead zone.' Upstream of the dead zone, the grease ice behaves as a liquid with a surface tempera- ture very nearly equal to the freezing point of sea water; within this zone Martin and Kauffman (1980) show that the wave decay is linear. Within the liquid region there is also a mean rotary circulation which at the leading edge is of order m/sec. Be- hind the dead zone, the grease ice behaves as a solid and the surface temperature decreases rapidly. Ex- periments with both plastic chips and oil show that material released on the surface ahead o
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