. A short history of England and the British Empire. rited only thelast, but this in a meas-ure greater than wasdue him. Many of hisdynasty had also beenafflicted with impossiblepurposes, the attainmentof which they made amatter of conscience;that of James was to re-store Roman Catholi-cism in England, and inthe effort he ruined theStuart dynasty for alltime. A few months beforethe Restoration while hewas still in exile, Jameshad secretly marriedAnne Hyde, the daugh-ter of Clarendon. Anne Hyde became the mother of several children, two of whom,Mary and Anne, lived to become queens of Eng- Anne
. A short history of England and the British Empire. rited only thelast, but this in a meas-ure greater than wasdue him. Many of hisdynasty had also beenafflicted with impossiblepurposes, the attainmentof which they made amatter of conscience;that of James was to re-store Roman Catholi-cism in England, and inthe effort he ruined theStuart dynasty for alltime. A few months beforethe Restoration while hewas still in exile, Jameshad secretly marriedAnne Hyde, the daugh-ter of Clarendon. Anne Hyde became the mother of several children, two of whom,Mary and Anne, lived to become queens of Eng- Anne R dgland. In 1673, two years after the death of AnneHyde, Prince James, who had become a Romanist not longbefore, married Mary Beatrice, a young Italian Maryprincess, whose ruling passion was an enthusiasm Beatnce-for the Roman faith. To bring a princess of this type to Eng-land in the year of the Test Act was indiscreet to say the least;but James was not famous for discretion. On the death ofCharles, King James and Queen Mary were accepted by the. James II After the original picture painted for SecretaryPepys by O. Kneller. 402 THE WHIG REVOLUTION English people with a great show of loyalty, though not withenthusiasm. Soon after the accession two revolts broke out,one in Scotland and the other in southwestern England inRevolts in favor of the impossible Monmouth. Both werefavor of promptly crushed and punished with unusual se- Monmouth. ver}ty#i Jeffreys was sent into the southwest tobring Monmouths partisans to trial, and so ruthlessly did hepunish the misguided peasants that the sessions of his courthave become known as the Bloody On the whole,however, these rebellions intensified the loyalty of the Englishpeople and even brought some popularity to the throne. IfKing James had not undertaken to undermine the Anglicanchurch, he doubtless would have been permitted to rule Eng-land in peace till the end of his days. 376. The Appointment of Catholic King J
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