The drug plants of Illinois drugplantsofilli44teho Year: 1951 Tehon THE DRUG PLANTS OF ILLINOIS 25 ARISAEMA TRIPHYLLUM (L.) Schott. Indian turnip, Jack-in-the-pul- pit. Araceae.—An herb 8 inches to 3 feet tall, perennial; corm turnip-shaped, wrinkled, intensely acrid; leaves mostly 2, compound; leaflets 3, veiny, elliptical ovate; petioles tall, sheathing the flower stalk; flowers minute, crowded at the base of a club-shaped spadix, the latter inclosed by a hoodlike and tubular, variegated, more or less colored spathe; fruit a scarlet, 1- to 5-seeded berry. The corm collected in summer or au
The drug plants of Illinois drugplantsofilli44teho Year: 1951 Tehon THE DRUG PLANTS OF ILLINOIS 25 ARISAEMA TRIPHYLLUM (L.) Schott. Indian turnip, Jack-in-the-pul- pit. Araceae.—An herb 8 inches to 3 feet tall, perennial; corm turnip-shaped, wrinkled, intensely acrid; leaves mostly 2, compound; leaflets 3, veiny, elliptical ovate; petioles tall, sheathing the flower stalk; flowers minute, crowded at the base of a club-shaped spadix, the latter inclosed by a hoodlike and tubular, variegated, more or less colored spathe; fruit a scarlet, 1- to 5-seeded berry. The corm collected in summer or au- tumn. In open or dense woods, common to abundant throughout the state. Contains a volatile acrid principle, muci- lage, possibly an alkaloid, and calcium oxa- late crystals. Used as a stimulant, expecto- rant, irritant, and diaphoretic. ARISTOLOGHIA SERPENTARIA L. Virginia snakeroot, serpentaria. Aristolochiaceae. U. S. P. XI, p. 331.— An upright herb 6 to 18 inches tall, per- ennial; roots fibrous, from a short, thin, bent, aromatic rhizome with the odor of turpentine; stems several, simple or branched only at the base, swollen at the nodes, often red-tinged below; leaves ovate or oblong, cordate or halberd-shaped at the base, pointed, entire, petioled, and alternate; flowers on basal scaly branches, S-shaped, contracted in the middle, dull brownish-purple; the fruit a 6-angled, 6- valved, many-seeded pod. The roots and rhizome collected in the fall. Rare to frequent, sometimes com- mon, in moist woods throughout the state south of Peoria. Source of the drug serpentaria; contains a volatile oil containing borneol, the amor- phous bitter principle aristolochin, and the alkaloid aristolochinine. Used as an aro- matic, bitter stimulant; is often given with other drugs, such as cinchona, to increase their absorption and activity.
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