. Cyclopedia of farm crops. Farm produce; Agriculture. 384 HOPS KAFIR AND DURRA is an interesting example of how an insect, ordi- narily not serious, may cause the total destruction of a crop. The presence of the aphis and the prev- alence of the mold seem to have some connection with each other. Spraying with whale-oil soap, kero,sene emulsion, strong soap-suds or a tobacco solution is effective; but this treatment is not practiced in New York. Value and cost. Hops are generally sold directly to representa- tives of jobbers. They are remarkable above all other agricultural products for wide a
. Cyclopedia of farm crops. Farm produce; Agriculture. 384 HOPS KAFIR AND DURRA is an interesting example of how an insect, ordi- narily not serious, may cause the total destruction of a crop. The presence of the aphis and the prev- alence of the mold seem to have some connection with each other. Spraying with whale-oil soap, kero,sene emulsion, strong soap-suds or a tobacco solution is effective; but this treatment is not practiced in New York. Value and cost. Hops are generally sold directly to representa- tives of jobbers. They are remarkable above all other agricultural products for wide and violent fluctuations in prices. In 1882, hops were sold by growers for at least one dollar and twenty-five cents per pound, and at other times they have been almost without a quotable value. The gen- eral estimate of the cost of growing and harvest- ing is about ten to twelve cents per pound, of which harvesting is one-half. For the five years ending with 1904, the price of "choice" New York state hops in New York city, as quoted" in the trade journals, ranged between twelve and one-half and forty-one cents per pound, these years repre- senting a comparatively stable and prosperous period of the industry. Hop-growing requires a considerable investment and working capital. The main items of expense are the hop-house, poles, twine, wire (when the trellis system is used), fuel, sulfur and baling cloth. A large force of dependable labor is required dur- ing the harvest season, although thousands of itin- erant workers of varying degrees of worth drift into the hop districts during this time. Literature. Myrick, The Hop : Its Culture and Care, Market- ing and Manufacture, Orange Judd Co., New York city; Hop Culture in California, Farmers' Bulletin No. , United States Department of Agriculture ; Hops, Nevada Experiment Station, Bulletin No. 35. KAFIR AND DURRA. Andropogon Sorghum, Brot., or Sorghum vulgare, Pers. Graminem. Figs. 577-582. Strong-growing plants, s
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