Medieval and modern times; an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time . Fig. 119. Monument on the Site of the Black Hole The prison where one hun-dred and forty-five men andone woman were confinedwas only 18 feet by 14 feet,with two small windows2 436 Medieval and Modern Times Englands When the Seven Years War was brought to an end, in leveVyears T7^3? by tne Treaty of Paris, it was clear that England had War gained far more than any other power. She was to retain her two forts commanding the Mediterranean — Gibraltar, and Port
Medieval and modern times; an introduction to the history of western Europe form the dissolution of the Roman empire to the present time . Fig. 119. Monument on the Site of the Black Hole The prison where one hun-dred and forty-five men andone woman were confinedwas only 18 feet by 14 feet,with two small windows2 436 Medieval and Modern Times Englands When the Seven Years War was brought to an end, in leveVyears T7^3? by tne Treaty of Paris, it was clear that England had War gained far more than any other power. She was to retain her two forts commanding the Mediterranean — Gibraltar, and Port Mahon on the island of Minorca; in America, France ceded to her the vast region of Canada and Nova Scotia, as well as. Fig. 120. William Pitt Pitt, more than any other one man, was responsible for the victories ofEngland in the Seven Years War. A great orator, as well as a shrewdstatesman, he inspired his country with his own great ideals. He boldlyupheld in-Parliament the cause of the American colonists, but diedbefore he could check the policy of the king several of the islands in the West Indies. The region beyondthe Mississippi was ceded to Spain by France, who thus gaveup all her claims to North America. In India, France, it istrue, received back the towns which the English had takenfrom her, but she had permanently lost her influence over thenative rulers, for Clive had made the English name greatlyfeared among them. How England became Queen of the Ocean 437 Revolt of the American Colonies from England 90. England had, however, no sooner added Canada to herpossessions and driven the French from the broad region whichlay between her dominions and the Mississippi than she lost thebetter part of he
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