Diagnostic methods, chemical, bacteriological and microscopical, a text-book for students and practitioners . 912, ¥,269; also, Pedersen, New York Med. Jour., 1913,XCVIII, 1141. 352 DIAGNOSTIC METHODS. round, renal epithelial cells as well as with tubular casts. Frequently leuco-cytes in small numbers are found adherent to the casts or they may even beso closely grouped as to give the name pus cast to such formations. If largenumbers of pus-cells appear in the course of a chronic nephritis, they indicateeither an acute exacerbation of the condition or a complicating process in someother portio
Diagnostic methods, chemical, bacteriological and microscopical, a text-book for students and practitioners . 912, ¥,269; also, Pedersen, New York Med. Jour., 1913,XCVIII, 1141. 352 DIAGNOSTIC METHODS. round, renal epithelial cells as well as with tubular casts. Frequently leuco-cytes in small numbers are found adherent to the casts or they may even beso closely grouped as to give the name pus cast to such formations. If largenumbers of pus-cells appear in the course of a chronic nephritis, they indicateeither an acute exacerbation of the condition or a complicating process in someother portion of the urinary tract. The sudden appearance of very largenumbers of pus-cells is especially indicative of a ruptured abscess. In inflam-matory processes in the pelvis of the kidney the amount of pus may varywithin wide limits. In some cases the urine may be perfectly clear whenvoided, showing the presence of only a few pus-cells, while in others enormousnumbers may appear. This paradoxical condition may be accounted forby the possibility of obstruction of the ureter on the afifected side and the later. Fig. io6.—Pus corpuscles, i, Normal; 2, showing ameboid movements; 3, nucleirendered distinct by acetic acid; 4, as observed in chronic pyelitis; 5, swollen by ammoniumcarbonate. {Hawk after UHzmann.) forcing out of the large numbers of pus-cells. In pyelitis the urine is usuallyacid, which may serve as a distinguishing point from cystitis in which theurine is almost always alkaline. In tuberculosis of the renal parenchyma pus-cells appear very early andvary in number from a few to many thousands. This pyuria is usually con-stant, and is frequently associated with hematuria. The pus-cells in tubercu-losis are usually of the mononuclear type instead of the ordinary polymorphonu-clear form. This is not easily determined, as the degenerative processes makeit somewhat difficult to distinguish the nuclear form. In such conditionsthe sediment should be frequently examined for the
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