. Gray's new manual of botany. A handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the central and northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Botany. 8«6 COMPOSITAE ^COMPOSITE FAMILY). lOlS. S. asper. Leaf X Yq. Achene x 1%. shaped base, the auricles acute; Involucre downy when young; achenes striate, also wrinkled transversely. — Waste places, chiefly in manured soil and around dwellings. (Nat. from Eu.) . Fig. 1017. 3. S. AspEK (L.) Hill. (Spiny-leaved S.) Stem-leaves less divided and more spiny- toothed, the auricles of the clasping base rounded; achenes margined, 3-nerved on eacli side, s
. Gray's new manual of botany. A handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the central and northeastern United States and adjacent Canada. Botany. 8«6 COMPOSITAE ^COMPOSITE FAMILY). lOlS. S. asper. Leaf X Yq. Achene x 1%. shaped base, the auricles acute; Involucre downy when young; achenes striate, also wrinkled transversely. — Waste places, chiefly in manured soil and around dwellings. (Nat. from Eu.) . Fig. 1017. 3. S. AspEK (L.) Hill. (Spiny-leaved S.) Stem-leaves less divided and more spiny- toothed, the auricles of the clasping base rounded; achenes margined, 3-nerved on eacli side, smooth. — Waste places, roadsides, etc. (Nat. from Eu.) Pig. 1018. 100. LACTtrCA [Tourn.] L. Lettuce Heads several-many-flowered. Involucre cylindrical or in fruit conical; bracts Imbricated in 2 or more sets of unequal lengths. Achenes contracted into a heals;, wliich is dilated at the apex, bearing a copious and fugacious very soft capillary pappus, its bristles falling separately. —• Leafy-stemmed herbs, with panicled heads ; flowers of variable color, produced in summer and autumn. (The ancient name of the Lettuce, L. sativa L.; from lac, milk, in allusion to the millcy juice.) JSf. B. — In this genus, the figures of the fruiting heads are on a scale of |, of the achene 1|. § 1. SCARIOLA DC. Achenes very flat, orbicular to oblong, with a distinct soft fMform beak; pappus white; biennial or annual; cauline leaves sagittate-clasping. * Heads small, 6-12-flowered; achenes from linear-oblong to obovate-oblong, several-nerved, about equaling the beak ; introduced species. 1. L. scarIola. L. (Prickly L.) Stem below sparsely prickly-bristly; leaves pinnatifld, spinulose-denticulate, tending to turn into a vertical position ( with one edge up); midrib usually setose beneath ; panicle loose, with widely spread- ing branches ; flowers pale yellow, sometimes turning bluish in fading or drying. — Roadsides, railway ballast, etc., s. N. E. to 0., Mo., and Ky., chiefly w
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