. The Encyclopaedia Britannica; ... A dictionary of arts, sciences and general literature. o become pneumatic But the distinguishing character of the type is th« union , j Genus Colius, The Ibis, July 1872, plate 10, pp. 261-280; On theMotmots, Jbis, Oct. 1372, plates 13-15, ; On theUpupidae, Ibis, April,1873, plates 5-7. pp. 181-211. For descriptions of the skulls of Passerine birds, see Parker onthe Skull of the*Crow, Monthly Micr. Jour., Not. 1, 1872 ; on thatof the Tit {Parus), ibid., Jan. 1,1873; and on that of the Thrush,ibid., Mar. 1, 1873. See also, aa referred to by Profess
. The Encyclopaedia Britannica; ... A dictionary of arts, sciences and general literature. o become pneumatic But the distinguishing character of the type is th« union , j Genus Colius, The Ibis, July 1872, plate 10, pp. 261-280; On theMotmots, Jbis, Oct. 1372, plates 13-15, ; On theUpupidae, Ibis, April,1873, plates 5-7. pp. 181-211. For descriptions of the skulls of Passerine birds, see Parker onthe Skull of the*Crow, Monthly Micr. Jour., Not. 1, 1872 ; on thatof the Tit {Parus), ibid., Jan. 1,1873; and on that of the Thrush,ibid., Mar. 1, 1873. See also, aa referred to by Professor Hoiley,Nitzschs article Passerinae in Ersch and Grirbers Eneyclopcedit,1840, and his paper, Deber die Familie der Passorinen, in theZeilschrift fiir die Oesammten Naturwisscnschafien, 1862. A» thefigure given above is of a young bird, the reader ia ako referred toProfessor Huxleys Palatal View of the Ravens Skull {op. cit., , fig. 32); of Ihat of the Grosbeak, fig. 33 ; and of the Swift,tig. 34. See .-ilgo Murie On Fregilupus, Proc. ZooL Soc^ Jane 1^1874, plates 6a. 62. to;/.. (pR.) is trifoliate; the median rod, looking for-wards, ifl the remains of the prenasal or basl-trabecu-lar bar; the lateral leaves of cartilage, looking back-wards, are the recurrent ventral extremities of thetrabecular comua: between the alinasal turbinalathe base of the septum nasi retains its flatness; it-Is fonned inter-nas&I part of the trabeculte. 71(5 BIRDS [asatomt? of the vomers with the aliiasal wall and turbinal, and thepossessiou, by the embryo bird at least, of a pair of upperlabials, corresponding to the inner upper pair in Snakes,Sharks, and Skate; the vomers are either partial or entireossification of these cartilages. Besides these, there re-appear in most of the j£g\tho(inathce the so-called inferiorturbinals, or nostril-bones of the Snake and Lizard, andthese are attached to the shoulders of the double, andgenerally, ox-face-shaped vomer The nasal labyrinth isvery lar
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