. Types and market classes of live stock. lowedto raise the calves. The writer knows of one successful herdof grade cows where the practice is to put four calves onone cow, the other three cows being milked. The developmentof the calves is somewhat restricted by this method, for theydo not make as rapid growth nor present as good appearanceas would be secured by more liberal feeding, but in this in-stance the financial return has justified the plan. It is said that twenty years ago the growing of calvesby hand was a lost art. It is considerable trouble to rear 156 Types and Market Classes of L
. Types and market classes of live stock. lowedto raise the calves. The writer knows of one successful herdof grade cows where the practice is to put four calves onone cow, the other three cows being milked. The developmentof the calves is somewhat restricted by this method, for theydo not make as rapid growth nor present as good appearanceas would be secured by more liberal feeding, but in this in-stance the financial return has justified the plan. It is said that twenty years ago the growing of calvesby hand was a lost art. It is considerable trouble to rear 156 Types and Market Classes of Live Stock calves on skim milk, but it is being done with good resultson many farms. The skim milk should be supplemented byoats, bran, corn meal, hay, and good pasture until weaningtime, and the calf should be wintered on grain, silage, andhay. When weaned and placed on regular rations, skim-milkcalves usually advance rapidly and often overtake calvesreared on whole milk to such an extent that they cannot bedistinguished from the Fig. 37. The Dual-Purpose Type. Milking Shorthorn cow, Pansy 2d., first prize at Carlisle, England, in and owned by Mr. J. J. Hill, St. Paul. Minn. Dual-purpose type.—Descriptions of the beef and dairytypes having been given in detail, dual-purpose type may bedescribed in a few words by comparisons. The true dual-purpose type of animal is distinguished from the beef animalby certain well-marked differences in form and dual-purpose animal is not so wide as the beef animal,nor so smooth, and the fleshing is not so thick. The neckis longer, the withers are not so wide and rounding, the middle Types and Market Classes of Live Stock 157 is less blocky and compact, and the legs are longer. Theudder receives considerable attention and should be large,mellow, and of good shape. The dual-purpose cow should bearindications of creditable performance at the pail. Compared with the dairy type, the dual-purpose animalshows mor
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