. Textbook of pastoral and agricultural botany, for the study of the injurious and useful plants of country and farm. ed of abortiveflowers upon very much modified, thickened flower stems (Fig. 98). Artichoke {Cynara scolymus).—The fleshy involucral bracts and thefleshy receptacle of the heads of this compositous plant are used as avegetable. Yeh-peh-ho {Lilium Sargentice).—The flowers of this lily are eatenin China after being boiled, dried in the sun, minced, fried with salt and oileaten in the same way as preserved cabbage. Huang-hua-tsai {Hemerocallis flava.)—The flowers of the yellow dayl
. Textbook of pastoral and agricultural botany, for the study of the injurious and useful plants of country and farm. ed of abortiveflowers upon very much modified, thickened flower stems (Fig. 98). Artichoke {Cynara scolymus).—The fleshy involucral bracts and thefleshy receptacle of the heads of this compositous plant are used as avegetable. Yeh-peh-ho {Lilium Sargentice).—The flowers of this lily are eatenin China after being boiled, dried in the sun, minced, fried with salt and oileaten in the same way as preserved cabbage. Huang-hua-tsai {Hemerocallis flava.)—The flowers of the yellow daylily arc eaten by the Chinese. Flowers for Perfume. -In the provinces of southern France as atGrasse, flowers are raised commercially for the manufacture of the variousextracts and perfumes in universal demand by civiHzed men. The flowersof roses, violets, jasmine and orange are so used. NITROGEN-CONSUMING PLANTS 231 Insect Powders.—Insect powder is made from the finely ground flowerheads of Chrysanthemum pyrethrum. Dalmatian insect powder comesfrom Chrysanthemum dneraricefoUum and Persian from C. Fig. 98.—Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea botrytis). A, entire plant; B, portion of head. (Robbins.) Fruit CropsTemperate Lands Apple {Pyrus malus).—The apple is cultivated extensively in a greatmany varieties in America, Asia and Europe. Pear [Pyrus communis).—The common pear is probably a native ofsouthern Europe and Asia witha fruit usually tapering to the base and aflesh with grit cells. 232 * PASTORAL AND AGRICULTURAL BOTANY Quince {Cydonia oblonga).—The quince tree produces a fruit hairywhen young, becoming smoother with age. The skin is yellow at matu-rity and the seeds are surrounded by a mucilaginous covering. Plum {Prunus).—This genus includes a number of species of treeswhich yield a plum-Hke fruit. Sweet Cherry {Primus avium).—The sweet cherry is produced on atall European tree, which has been cultivated in America for many years. Sour Cherry {Pru
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